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1 Jun 30, 2016
A NEW APPROACH FOR THRESHOLDING FINGER PRINT IMAGES BASED ON SECOND ORDER STATISTICAL METHOD

Thresholding methods are important in any image processing technique. It is used to convert the input gray level image to binary image. Hence, they are the essential preprocessing methods. The present paper proposes various methods for thresholding based on second order statistics (CTH, ETH, HTH, ATH). The proposed four methods are applied on various finger print images and compared with various first order statistics based methods (max, min, (max-min)/2,standard deviation ,mean). The results clearly indicate the efficiency of the proposed algorithms....

Authors: R. kavitha Lakshmi, M. Radhika Mani.

2 Jun 30, 2016
ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION:EFFICIENT WAY TO FIND SHORTEST PATH

We describe an artificial ant colony capable of finding the shortest path. Ants of the artificial colony are able to generate successively shorter feasible path by using information accumulated in the form of a pheromone trail deposited on the edges of the graph. We describe the problem of Dijkstra’s algorithm that solves the single-source shortest-path problem when all edges have non-negative weight. We try to solve that problem using Ant colony optimization. Ant colony optimization is already used in too many areas from graph related problems to the medical problem and study of Genomics....

Authors: Kapil Agrawal, Renu Bagoria.

3 Jun 30, 2016
TEST SUIT REDUCTION BY FINDING COST OPTIMAL REPRESENTATIVE SET

Software testing is one of the important stages of software development. In software development, developers always depend on testing to reveal bugs. In the maintenance stage test suite size grow because of integration of new technique. Addition of new technique force to create new test case which increase the size of test suite. In regression testing new test case may be added to the test suite during the whole testing process. These additions of test cases create possibility of presence of redundant test cases. Due to limitation of time and resource, reduction techniques should be used to identify and remove them. Research shows that a subset of the test case in a suit may still satisfy all the test objectives which is called as representative set. Redundant test case increase the execution cost of the test suite, in spite of NP-completeness of the problem there are few good reduction techniques have been available. In this paper the previous technique proposed [17] is improved to find out cost optimal representative set....

Authors: Sudhir Kumar Mohapatra, Srinivas Prasad, Bimal Prasad kar.

4 Jun 30, 2016
ASSESSMENT LEVEL OF HEAVY METALS (PB, CD, HG) IN FOUR FISH SPECIES OF PERSIAN GULF (BUSHEHR- IRAN)

In order to assessment the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fishes of Persian Gulf, four fish species (Scomberomorus Commerson, Otolithes Ruber, Acanthpagrus Latus, Euryglossa orientalis) were sampled from Persian Gulf northwest coasts of Iran (Bushehr: N 50 o 51', E 28 o 59') and heavy metals (Cd+2, Pb+2, Hg+2) levels were determined in different tissues (muscle, liver and gill) of fishes, by voltammetry methods. In each of species the sequence of metal concentrations in different tissues was as following: Liver> Gill> muscle, and in the different fishes, this order was : Euryglossa orientalis > Acanthpagrus Latus > Otolithes Ruber > Scomberomorus Commerson. Cd+2 and Hg+2 concentrations in the tissues of Acanthpagrus Latus and Euryglossa orientalis and the Pb+2 level in the liver of this species also Cd+2 concentration in liver of Scomberomorus Commerson, were found higher than the permissible limits set by FAO/WHO. The relationships between fish size and metal concentrations (µg g-1 d.w.) in the tissues were surveyed by linear regression analysis. Results showed that, relationships between size and metal concentrations in four species (in confidence level %95) is significant, positive and negative. Highly significant positive and negative relationships were found between fish length and Hg+2, Cd+2 levels in muscle of Otolithes Ruber. These relationships were discussed, in this article....

Authors: Parisa Hossein Khezri, Mana Takhsha, Khosrow Aein Jamshid, Arash aghshenas.

5 Jun 30, 2016
THE EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS AND NUTRIENTS ON MICROALGAE COMMUNITIES AROUND THE SHRIMP FARM COMPLEXES IN BUSHEHR PROVINCE, IN PERSIAN GULF

The aims of this work was to inform about the red tide condition before entering the algal bloomer in seawater supply canals of the shrimp farm and hatchery complexes in Bushehr province. Field investigation and monthly sampling have been carried out from April to December 2011. The Environmental parameters such as pH, salinity and water temperature and also meteorological conditions were measured and recorded on the field. The water sampling has been lunched for determination of nutrients and chlorophyll-a, phytoplanktons....

Authors: Khosrow Aein Jamshid, Fatemeh Mohsenizadeh, Soheila Omidi.

6 Jun 30, 2016
IMPACT OF PROCESSFACTORS ON TWIST DRILL WEAR IN MACHININGGFRP COMPOSITES BY APPLYING TAGUCHI DESIGN ANALYSIS AND ANOVA TECHNIQUE

In recent days, the Fiber Reinforced Composites have replaced many of the engineering components and the composite material manufacturing area is experiencing substantial growth. FRC?s also have replaced materials used in the civil construction area, sporting goods, automobile and aircraft parts, and boat and ship hulls. The composites in general, offermany advantages over homogenous materials like high strength to weight ratio, less weight, flexibility in design, structural and dimensional stability, corrosion and wear resistance along with low tooling cost. Because of the anisotropy in nature, machining composite materials is a complex process especially operations involved in in drilling and milling. Therefore, dry drilling operation on composite materials affects the performance of the drill tool. Hence in the present investigation, the effect of the process parameters such as spindle speed (1000, 1200 and 1500 rpm), feed rate (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mm/rev), drill diameter (6, 8 and 10mm) and orientation of the reinforced glass fibers (Random,Random+Stitched and Random+Rowings) on the tool wear of the HSS drill bit is studied. The experiment is designed using Taguchi?s method. Measure of Signal-to-Noise (S/N) ratio was used to assess the effect of parameters on response. Relative effect of factors is assessed using ANOVA. The process parameters are optimized to reduce the tool wear....

Authors: Sathish Rao U., Lewlyn L.R. Rodrigues.

7 Jun 30, 2016
THE SYMMETRIC ENCRYPTION TECHNIQUE BY USING SUBSTITUTION MAPPING, TRANSLATION AND TRANSPOSING OPERATIONS

Now a days with the rapid growth in the electronic media and internet, demand of secure communication are also increases. Many of the secret data is transmitted through this unsecure transmission channel. To provide security over transmitted data many cryptographic algorithms has been proposed. An encryption/decryption algorithm like AES and DES are widely used for this purpose. In this paper, authors have proposed a new symmetric encryption/decryption algorithm based on substitution mapping, translation and transposing operation. Implemented results shows that proposed work is not only simple but also fast compare to AES and DES algorithms. Also security level of proposed work is higher due to the inherent poly-alphabetic nature of the substitution mapping method....

Authors: Shadma Fazal, B.P.S Sengar.

8 Jun 30, 2016
HIERARCHICAL ROUTING PROTOCOL IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

A wireless network consisting of a large number of small sensors with low-power transceivers can be an effective tool for gathering data in a variety of environments. Wireless distributed micro sensor systems will enable the reliable monitoring of a variety of environments for both civil and military applications. In this paper, we look at communication protocols, which can have significant impact on the overall energy dissipation of these networks. Based on our findings that the conventional protocols of direct transmission, minimum-transmission-energy, multi-hop routing, and static clustering may not be optimal for sensor networks, we propose LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy), a clustering-based protocol that utilizes randomized rotation of local cluster based station (cluster-heads) to evenly distribute the energy load among the sensors in the network. LEACH uses localized coordination to enable scalability and robustness for dynamic networks, and incorporates data fusion into the routing protocol to reduce the amount of information that must be transmitted to the base station. Simulations show the LEACH can achieve as much as a factor of 8 reductions in energy dissipation compared with conventional outing protocols. In addition, LEACH is able to distribute energy dissipation evenly throughout the sensors, doubling the useful system lifetime for the networks we simulated. LEACH includes a new, distributed cluster formation technique that enables self-organization of large numbers of nodes, algorithms for adapting clusters and rotating cluster head positions to evenly distribute the energy load among all the nodes, and techniques to enable distributed signal processing to save communication resources. Our results show that LEACH can improve system lifetime by an order of magnitude compared with general-purpose multi hop approaches....

Authors: Kinjal Patel , Himanshu Arora , Pradeep Jha.

9 Jun 30, 2016
ADAPTIVE CONTROLLER USED FOR THE SPEED CONTROL OF DC MOTOR

Present study indicates the fuzzy controller used for speed control of DC motors. Fuzzy logic allows the system to be defined by linguistic statements rather than complex differential equations and comes from a thinking that identifies and takes advantage of the grayness between the two extremes. Many classical controllers were used for the speed control of DC motor. But such classical methods are very much particular about the parameters, if any changes are occurred in parameters than theses methods are fail to control the motor. In this work proposed a fuzzy controller for the speed control of separately excited DC motor. The results of fuzzy controller compared with Proportional plus Derivative plus Integral. Results shows that the Fuzzy logic controller gives better results compared to PID controllers. Feasibility of Fuzzy logic controller tested for different rule based decision system....

Authors: Kapil Raghuwanshi, Shilpam Saxena.

10 Jun 30, 2016
ADAPTIVE CONTROLLER USED FOR THE SPEED CONTROL OF DC MOTOR

Present study indicates the fuzzy controller used for speed control of DC motors. Fuzzy logic allows the system to be defined by linguistic statements rather than complex differential equations and comes from a thinking that identifies and takes advantage of the grayness between the two extremes. Many classical controllers were used for the speed control of DC motor. But such classical methods are very much particular about the parameters, if any changes are occurred in parameters than theses methods are fail to control the motor. In this work proposed a fuzzy controller for the speed control of separately excited DC motor. The results of fuzzy controller compared with Proportional plus Derivative plus Integral. Results shows that the Fuzzy logic controller gives better results compared to PID controllers. Feasibility of Fuzzy logic controller tested for different rule based decision system....

Authors: Kapil Raghuwanshi, Shilpam Saxena.

11 Jun 30, 2016
A PROPOSED METHODOLOGY FOR DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF MULTI-AXIS PIPE BINDING SYSTEM

In this paper, we discuss the hose and accurate measurement coordinate dimension designed in Auto Cad. This paper also examines the reception gauge designed with the help of CMM report. Usually, the coordinate points while measuring pipes is done by traditional and conventional methods. These methods are time consuming and they lack precision. At par with the latest technological advancement, CMM came as a new and advanced method for measuring, the pipes coordinate points. To calculate the coordinate points the coordinate measurement machine (CMM) is used. CMM with its several advantages like its flexibility, its unique configuration enabling a reduced setup time, its accuracy, improved productivity and its quality of reducing the influence of the operator makes it one of its kind. All the measurements of CMM are taken from a common fixed geometric measurement system, which eliminates the introduction and accumulation of errors resulting into the hand inspection gauge and technical transfer methods. Most procedures have MMT routine measurement for typical elements parts, such as holes or distances from the center. The CMM machine captures the view of the pipe and records it automatically. When we fix any part of the pipe the CMM machine inspects that part, weather it is arranged properly or not. And if there is an error in the arrangement (pipe set up) it rectifies it. When the proper arrangement is done the CMM machine rectifies the coordinate points (of the corner of the pipe). And thus it observes the XYZ coordinate points and this is how it gives its final results. It is found that result of the CMM machine is more accurate than other machines. Further it adds to the fact that less skilled operators can be easily loaded to perform relatively complex inspection procedures. The advantages mentioned above makes CMM more productive than conventional inspection techniques....

Authors: Kunal Sharma, V.N Bartaria.

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